Friday, January 29, 2021

Obesity And Breast Cancer

The link between obesity and breast cancer seems to be relying on the microenvironment generated at adipose tissue level which includes inflammatory cytokines. Obesity is positively associated with the overall increased breast cancer BC risk in postmenopausal women.

Role Of Inflammation In Obesity Related Breast Cancer Sciencedirect

Obesity and cholesterol represent risk factors for breast cancer but their impact is largely affected by cofounding variables including menopausal status disease subtype and.

Obesity and breast cancer. 83 Despite a decrease in mortality from breast cancer in recent years breast cancer kills 12 000 women a year in the United Kingdom alone and tens of thousands in Europe. Kidney liver and upper stomach. Epidemiological data suggest that obesity BMI 30 is associated with increased breast cancer incidence worse prognosis and higher mortality rates.

It is feared that increasing obesity in women will manifest its effect of. Obesity and cholesterol stand out for their potential causal relationship with breast cancer and ease of modification. The National Institutes of Health state that anyone with a BMI over 30 is considered obese A person with a BMI of between 25299 is considered overweight According to research and most health experts the higher your BMI.

Several studies show that a significantly stronger association is obvious between increased body mass index BMI and higher breast cancer incidence. In addition its association with systemic endocrine changes including hyperinsulinemia increased estrogens levels and hyperleptinemia may be key factors for tumor development. Obesity is a growing health problem in the United States and increasingly around the world.

It is suggested that reduction of obesity can decrease the cases of breast cancer by one-tenth in Europe with a consequent reduction in mortality. Postmenopausal obesity and when breast cancer is diagnosed ie pre- vs. Having more fat tissue can increase your chance of getting breast cancer by raising estrogen levels.

Research on Obesity and Breast Cancer. Obesity and Breast Cancer The relationship between adiposity and breast cancer risk and prognosis is complex with associations that differ depending on when body size is assessed eg pre- vs. Obesity is an important risk factor for breast cancer BC in postmenopausal women.

Excess body weight has been linked to an increased risk of postmenopausal breast cancer and growing evidence also suggests that obesity is associated with poor prognosis in women diagnosed with early-stage breast cancer. There is now a body of evidence that supports a link between obesity the metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance with increased risk of several cancers including those of colon and the breast. Conversely obesity is inversely correlated with BC risk in.

An example of this concept is the relationship of obesity to breast cancer. Also women who are overweight tend to have higher levels of insulin another hormone. Further the impact of obesit.

Breast and bowel two of the most common cancer types Pancreatic oesophageal and gallbladder three of the hardest to treat cancers Womb and ovarian. In premenopausal women by contrast overweight and obesity have been found to be associated with a 20 decreased risk of breast tumors that express hormone receptors 22. Obesity is also a risk factor for breast cancer in men 23.

In this context increased levels of estrogens due to. Given the worldwide prevalence of obesity and its increased risk for breast cancer development it is remarkable that we have had limited understanding of the role of ECM plays within breast fat tissue to facilitate metastasis said Andrew Greenberg director of the Obesity and Metabolism Team at the Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts who is a. What types of cancer are linked to obesity.

Furthermore obese women are at higher risk of all-cause and breast cancer specific mortality when compared to non-obese women with breast cancer. Obesity is linked to an increased risk of secondary malignancies in women with early breast cancer and studies suggest that weight gain after diagnosis increases overall. Interlinked molecular mechanisms might be involved in the pathogenesis.

Myeloma a type of blood cancer. Similarly to epidemiological data linking obesity with increased primary breast cancer risk obesity is also associated with a greater risk of breast cancer recurrence 111213141516 HRs ranging from 117 to 146 131415 as well as a 3040 increased risk of breast cancer. For women being overweight or obese after menopause increases the risk of breast cancer.

Obesity remains one of the strongest risk factors for postmenopausal breast cancer. Evidence also suggests that obesity at the time of breast cancer diagnosis is linked to an increased risk of breast cancerspecific and overall mortality in both premenopausal and postmenopausal women with early-stage breast cancer. Overweight and obsity causes 13 different types of cancer.

Around 80 of breast cancers are diagnosed in women who are.

Wednesday, January 27, 2021

Tampa Family Health Fletcher

Tampa Family Health Centers Inc. Tampa Family Health Center 302 W Fletcher Ave Tampa FL 33612.

Tampa Family Health Center Fletcher Arco Murray Construction Company

TAMPA FAMILY HEALTH CENTERS is a medical group practice located in Tampa FL that specializes in Internal Medicine.

Tampa family health fletcher. Tampa Family Health Centers 3100 E Fletcher Ave Tampa FL 33613. Menu Reservations Make Reservations. Tampa Family Health Centers Tampa Florida.

The focus is on internal medicine family practice pediatric care dentistry OBGYN and pharmaceutical services. Provides quality caring and accessible health care to a. Save yourself some time and find a better doctors office.

302 W FLETCHER AVE Tampa FL 33612. Tampa Family Health Center 302 W Fletcher Ave Tampa FL 33612. Tampa Family Health Centers is a Health Center Program grantee under 42 USC.

Tampa Family Health Centers is a Health Center Program grantee under 42 USC. It is an FTCA Deemed facility covered by professional liability insurance through our enrollment in Federal Tort Claims Act program. 254b and a deemed Public Health Service employee under 42 USC.

Menu Reservations Make Reservations. In order to obtain actual costs please contact Tampa Family Health Center Fletcher Ave. This project is a new 2-story building of 31320 sf.

With 14 accredited and certified medical locations TFHC. 813 397-5300 Clinic Details. Tampa Family Health Centers Fletcher Ave 813 397-5305.

I showed up for an appt as a new patient and they didnt have any record of me at all let alone me on the schedule for an appt. It is an FTCA Deemed facility covered by professional liability insurance through our enrollment in Federal Tort Claims Act program. This is a SLIDING SCALE clinic.

254b and a deemed Public Health Service employee under 42 USC. 800 AM 500 PM. The costs for clinic services are based on either your income or they offer type of financial assistance.

The center will be opened Monday-Friday 8 am. For Tampa Family Health Center who provides accessible health care to a culturally diverse community. Directions to AdventHealth Tampa 3100 East Fletcher Avenue Tampa FL 33613 Call AdventHealth Tampa at 813-971-6000.

813 397-5300 Clinic Details. Costs are displayed for informational purposes for our users. Look In The Map.

Tampa Family Health Center 302 W Fletcher Ave Tampa FL. Reviews 813 397-5300 Website. Overall rating for providers.

254b and a deemed Public Health Service employee under 42 USC. Order Online Tickets Tickets See Availability Directions locationtagLinevaluetext Sponsored Topics. Order Online Tickets Tickets See Availability.

Order Online Tickets Tickets See Availability. It is an FTCA Deemed facility covered by professional liability insurance through our enrollment. Fletcher Avenue Tampa 33613 located onsite at Florida Hospital Tampa off of the Fletcher Avenue entrance.

Get directions reviews and information for Tampa Family Health Center in Tampa FL. The address for the new center is 3100 E. 302 West Fletcher Avenue.

About Tampa Family Health Centers Tampa Family Health Centers TFHC is the second largest federally qualified health center in Florida. Get directions reviews and information for Tampa Family Health Center in Tampa FL. Their call center makes appts for them and apparently the system is flawed.

800 AM 500 PM. We have compiled prices provided by users and online research. 5 Reviews 813 397-5310 Website.

1566 likes 103 talking about this 2001 were here. A federally qualified health center Tampa Family Health Centers provides high quality affordable health care to residents across Tampa and Hillsborough County. Tampa Family Health Centers - West Fletcher Avenue - Tampa Community Health Center.

Fletcher Ave Tampa FL - 33612. Tampa Family Health Centers. Reviews 813 397-5300 Website.

Tampa Family Health Centers - East Fletcher Avenue - Tampa Community Health Center. Contact the clinic directly to discuss prices for. Tampa Family Health Centers is a Health Center Program grantee under 42 USC.

302 W FLETCHER AVE Tampa FL 33612. With 14 accredited and certified medical locations TFHC. A federally qualified health center Tampa Family Health Centers provides high quality affordable health care to residents across Tampa and Hillsborough County.

Tampa Family Health Centers is a Health Center Program grantee under 42 USC. 3100 E Fletcher Avenue. It is an FTCA Deemed facility covered by professional liability insurance through our enrollment in Federal Tort Claims Act program.

Tampa Family Health Center Fletcher Ave Clinic Service Rates Attention We cannot guarantee the clinic costs to be completely accurate. 5 reviews of Tampa Family Health Centers If I could give zero stars I would. 254b and a deemed Public Health Service employee under 42 USC.

Menu Reservations Make Reservations.

Tuesday, January 26, 2021

Fever In Cancer Patients

If you have cancer and develop symptoms of a fever or infection it might be nothing but it could be a sign of a very serious infection. All cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy need immediate attention if they have a temperature of 1005 degrees Fahrenheit or higher.

Management Of Neutropenic Fever In Cancer Patients Prof Hamdy Zawam

In patients with neutropenia fever may often be the first and sometimes only sign of infection.

Fever in cancer patients. Signs and Symptoms. You should take your temperature any time you feel warm flushed chilled or not well. This is because white blood cells are the bodys normal defenses against infection and when their numbers are low the bodys ability to fight infection is reduced.

This condition causes the patients body to be less effective at fighting off infection. Fever the critical symptom Chemotherapy can often lead to a reduced white blood cell count or neutropenia. Medications such as steroids and morphine can also cause fever or affect your immune system.

Fever may be the only sign that you have an infection and an infection during chemotherapy can be life-threatening. Usually defined by 3 oral temperatures greater than 38C or 1004F in a 24-hour period or one temperature greater than 385C or 1013F. Cancer treatments may cause a fever directly or destroy white blood cells and weaken your immune system making you more vulnerable to inflammation and infection.

To determine whether cancer patients with fever and neutropenia differ in their medical stability 261 medical records of 184 cancer patients who were hospitalized with fever and neutropenia and treated with conventional antibiotic therapy were studied to determine whether their presenting clinical characteristics influenced the likelihood of subsequent clinical events thought to require. Fever in cancer patients is a medical emergency until a severe infection has been ruled out. The problems caused by low blood counts depend on which type of blood cell is affected.

People who have cancer will often have a fever as a symptom. Fever in cancer patients remains a challenge and the differentiation between infectious and non-infectious causes at onset of fever is very difficult. Fever is an abnormally high body temperature.

Cancer and its treatment often cause drops in the levels of some types of blood cells which can be detected with a blood test. The utility of acute-phase reactants such as erythrocyte sedimentation rate C-reactive protein and procalcitonin along with a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug challenge should be further evaluated as adjunct tools for the workup of fever in patients with cancer. Fever is frequently seen in patients with cancer and can be associated with a variety of infectious and noninfectious causes.

5 Neoplastic Fever Neoplastic fever also known as tumor fever is a di-agnosis of exclusion because no clinical features are consistently present. Underlying malignancy as well as treatments may impair immune response. Fever is the bodys response to infection.

However only in about half of all patients with cancer who develop a fever can a definite source of the infection. An infection may be particularly serious when your white blood cell count is low or is expected to be low. It can be very uncomfortable and cause a lot of concern for you and those looking after you.

Fever is a common symptom in people with all types of cancers. Its usually a sign that the cancer has spread or that its in an advanced. Its important to understand why blood counts can drop and what to expect if they do.

If this happens your cancer care team will assess you and likely start treatment for infection right away. Digestive tumors colon cancer liver metastases are significantly associated with FUO and infection can be demonstrated in some cases. Fever is the bodys response to an infection or illness.

In case of neutropenia prompt diagnostic work-up should be paralleled by empiric antibiotic treatment. For a cancer patient fever may be a sign of a dangerous infection. Fever in cancer patients is a medical emergency until a severe infection has been ruled out.

In case of neutropenia prompt diagnostic work-up should be paralleled by empiric antibiotic treatment. Its a persistent fever meaning it lasts longer than three days. What the patient can do.

Treatment of a patient with neutropenic fever usually means starting the patient on antibiotics before they take tests that will confirm an infection. Call your doctor immediately if you have a temperature of 1004ºF 38ºC or higher. In cancer patients FUO may be due to the cancer itself as it is the case of hematological malignancies.

These are the three key signs of a cancer-related fever. Low Blood Counts Fever and Infections. It can be either a low- or high-grade fever so dont brush off a persistent low-grade fever just because it isnt high.

Fever in cancer patients remains a challenge and the differentiation between infectious and non-infectious causes at onset of fever is very difficult. Fever of unknown origin FUO remains a challenging clinical problem namely in patients with cancer. Despite all the prophylactic measures.

Despite all the prophylactic. Underlying malignancy as well as treatments may impair immune response. Tumor fever3-5 Moreover cancer has been reported as the cause of fever in 15 to 20 of patients with fever of unknown origin FUO.

Hiv Viral Load

The main goal of HIV drugs is to reduce the HIV viral load to an undetectable level meaning that the HIV RNA is below the level that the test is able to count. They may also be performed on urine.

Understanding The Guidelines For Treating Hiv Disease American Family Physician

This topic will address the laboratory methods for quantitation of HIV-1 RNA and the use of viral load for.

Hiv viral load. Viral load VL is reported as the number of HIV RNA copies per milliliter of blood. The HIV viral load is primarily used for managementmonitoring of HIV-1 -infected individuals. People who get tested and learn they dont have HIV can also make decisions about sex drug use and health care that can protect them from HIV.

The more HIV there is in your blood and therefore the higher your viral load then the faster your CD4 cell count will fall and the greater your risk of becoming ill because of HIV. If taken as directed HIV medication can reduce the amount of HIV in the blood also called the viral load to a very low level. HIV viral load or HIV RNA HIV viral load tests measure the amount of HIV in the blood.

Doctors define the viral load as the number of HIV copies in a milliliter of blood copiesml. HIV tests are typically performed on blood or oral fluid. For those patients who choose to delay therapy repeat viral load testing while not on ART is optional CIII.

Even when viral load is undetectable HIV is still present in the body. If the viral load is so low that it doesnt show up. This is called viral suppression.

Lower levels are better than higher levels. An important goal of antiretroviral therapy ART is to suppress a persons VL to an undetectable levela level too low for the virus to be detected by a VL test. When therapy is halted by missing doses taking a treatment holiday or stopping treatment the virus emerges and begins to multiply becoming detectable in the blood again.

HIV-1 viral load testing is performed on patients known to be HIV-1 positive. The test can either tell if a person has HIV or tell how much virus is present in the blood known as an HIV viral load test. People with HIV who take HIV medicine as prescribed and get and keep an undetectable viral load or stay virally suppressed have effectively no risk of transmitting HIV to HIV-negative sex partners.

Doctors initially use the viral load to. The viral load is the amount of HIV in a persons blood. HIV viral load is the number of copies of HIV in the bodily fluids of someone living with HIV.

Viral suppression helps to keep you healthy and prevents illness. If taken as prescribed HIV medicine reduces the amount of HIV in the body viral load to a very low level which keeps the immune system working and prevents illness. Viral load is the most important indicator of initial and sustained response to ART AI and should be measured in all patients with HIV at entry into care AIII at initiation of therapy AIII and on a regular basis thereafter.

HIV medicine is called antiretroviral therapy or ART. Viral Load VL The amount of HIV in a sample of blood. A NAT looks for the actual virus in the blood and involves drawing blood from a vein.

The virus lies dormant inside a small number of cells in the body called viral reservoirs. It is intended for use in conjunction with clinical presentation and other laboratory markers as an indicator of disease prognosis and for use as an aid in assessing viral response to antiretroviral treatment as measured by changes in plasma HIV-1 RNA levels. This is called viral suppression defined as having less than 200 copies of HIV per milliliter of blood.

People with HIV who maintain an undetectable viral load have effectively no risk of transmitting HIV to their HIV-negative partner. Viral load is the term used to describe the amount of HIV in your blood. It is measured as the number of copies of the virus in one millilitre of fluid copiesml.

An undetectable viral load means that the level of HIV in the blood is too low to be detected by a viral load test. Patient monitoring during HIV antiretroviral therapy.

What To Avoid In First Trimester

Avoid eating unpasteurized soft cheeses such as panela Queso Blanco queso fresco blue cheese brie Gorgonzola Roquefort Camembert and feta. Since unpasteurized cheeses have listeria and it is associated to foodborne.

First Trimester Pregnancy Diet What To Eat In The First Trimester

The bacteria could harm the life of your fetus and damage some of the organs.

What to avoid in first trimester. You should include citrus fruits in your diet as they are also a rich source of Folic acid. Foods to Avoid During the First Trimester of your Pregnancy. Healthful choices during the first trimester such as taking folic acid supplements and avoiding smoking can help reduce the chance of these abnormalities.

Try to include oranges lime strawberries etc. Avoid the consumption of processed meat and unpasteurized dairy products. Its a big NO NO.

Research suggests that some caffeine is OK in the first trimester up to about 200 milligrams a day about two cups of coffee but some studies suggest that drinking too much caffeine during pregnancy might be associated with a greater risk of miscarriage. Stay away from unripe or semi-ripe papaya Papayas are known for their sweet juicy orange flesh and as a natural remedy for indigestion. Avoid eating Mackerel swordfish raw sushi and shellfish and other mercury-laden fishes during the first trimester.

Raw sushi and shellfish can. So many negative factors are that it causes birth defects lifelong health problems for your baby and can also cause stillbirth. DONT clean the litter box.

During your first trimester you should avoid taking processed meat such as sausages and other dairy products since they contain harmful bacteria that have a negative impact on the life of the unborn. One major thing to avoid in your first trimester and your entire pregnancy and life is smoking drinking alcohol and doing drugs. It is common in tropical countries and comes in a variety of types and sizes.

Unripe and Semi-Ripe Papaya Fruit Fruits to avoid during pregnancy first trimester. Exercises to avoid during the first trimester of pregnancy In the first trimester of pregnancy there are not too many exercises you need to avoid as most women dont even know they are pregnant and your uterus is extremely small as the fetus is very small. Fruits You should take at least three servings of fruits per day during the first trimester of your pregnancy.

Its highly likely that a drastic increase in your bodys core temperature might negatively impact your babys development particularly during the first trimester. In fact some studies suggest that using one of these facilities in the first trimester doubles your chances of having a miscarriage. A person can talk to a doctor for.

Monday, January 25, 2021

Weight Loss Fitness

Exercise-induced weight loss however is usually small and smaller than expected from an exercise-induced increase in energy expenditure. Weekly Weight Loss Workout Plan.

The 30 Day Weight Loss Challenge That Makes It Easier To Reach Your Goals Shape Magazine

If youre a beginner start by walking 3 days per week for at least 20 minutes and then gradually increase.

Weight loss fitness. By integrating three key pillars of optimal health. Looking back on your diary you may gain valuable insight. Ad Butt and Breast Growth Formula Only 2999 Free Shipping.

Well it should. As you get stronger and more fit youll be able to add a few minutes to each of your daily workouts. In case you are not a fan of crunches then a flutter kick can be an excellent alternative.

By Alexa Tucke r. In this issue of the Journal Martin et al. 3 try to identify mechanisms for the phenomenon termed weight compensation in response to exercise in overweight and obese participants.

If lifting weights is not an option for you doing some cardio workouts such as walking jogging running cycling or swimming is very beneficial for weight loss and general health. Behavior change nutrition guidance and low-impact fitness training our extreme weight loss program addresses every aspect of optimal health to ensure you lose significant weight while at camp and continue to achieve lifelong wellness through our at-home accountability program after you leave. Ad Butt and Breast Growth Formula Only 2999 Free Shipping.

She recommends a combination of eating less along with getting adequate levels of exercise to maximize weight loss in people who are overweight or obese. So to lose fat as much as possible your program will consist of 3 full body workouts per week alternating between Workout A and Workout B with 2 days of cardio and 2 days off. Ad MyZone Offers a Full Range of Training Solutions to Suit Any Budget.

Be sure to add minutes gradually to avoid burnout. Out of all the bodyweight exercises crunches and plank remain the most popular choices among fitness enthusiasts to target their abdomen muscles. Your weight loss workout plan should also get harder as your level of fitness increases.

Some of the best exercises for weight loss are full body compound movements cycled with cardio sessions says Brooke Taylor a certified. Record your trials accomplishments and moods during weight loss. Ad MyZone Offers a Full Range of Training Solutions to Suit Any Budget.

Eventually you want your weekly workout plan to total 250 minutes or more for effective weight loss. Your Weekly Fitness Plan If You Want To Lose Weight This ultimate fitness plan will be your new BFF if youre trying to drop pounds. But in order to lose weight build muscle increase muscular strength and improve your cardio fitness youre going to have to start putting some effort into your weight loss goals.

Walking is the easiest weight loss exercise and low intensity of course.

Sunday, January 24, 2021

Active Vitamin D3

D3 is hydroxylated by liver 25-hydroxylases 25-OHase. Calcium Carbonate Vitamin D3.

Vitamin D Vitamin D2 And D3 Labpedia Net

Solbone P an extract of SG with high and homogenous content of glycosylated 125 OH2D3 was chemically characterized and.

Active vitamin d3. Increases Bone Strength Builds Bone Density Stimulates Bone Growth. Amazons Choice for Vitamin D3 Active Form NaturesPlus Vitamin D3 Cholecalciferol - 5000 iu 60 Softgels - Bone Health Heart Health Immune System Support Supplement Bioavailable Active Form - Gluten-Free - 60 Servings. Vitamin D3 is an essential vitamin that your skin produces in response to sunlight exposure.

Vitamin D3 is known for its vital role in bone health but it also supports the immune system keeping you protected against illness. Cholecalciferol is used as a dietary supplement in people who do not get enough vitamin D in their diets to maintain adequate health. Cholecalciferol is vitamin D3.

Studies have suggested 125dihydroxyvitamin D3 125D3 the active form of vitamin D effectively ameliorates colitis. Vitamin D helps your body absorb calcium. A natural form of 125-dihydroxyvitamin D3 125 OH2D3 the active metabolite of vitamin D was identified in glycosylated form in Solanum glaucophyllum SG.

Thats why D3 Active contains the clinical dose of Vitamin D3 to make sure you have adequate Vitamin D levels. Found in animal products vitamin D3 is known to have these benefits. Vitamin D3 also known as the sunshine vitamin provides benefits throughout your body.

Kalcipos-D forte 500mg800 IU chewable tablets -201020. Its involved in a healthy immune system and its beneficial to mood heart health and even weight loss. It is also needed for bone growth and bone remodeling by osteoblasts and osteoclasts 1-3.

Active vitamin D3 125-OH2D3 protects against macrovasculopathy in a rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The resultant 25-hydroxycholecalciferol 25OHD3 is 1-hydroxylated in the kidney by 25-hydroxyvitamin D3-1 -hydroxylase 1-OHase. Ad Clinically proven to increase your height naturally.

Calcium Carbonate Vitamin D3. One of the effects of Vitamin D3 is an increase in the calcium you absorb from your food. These findings have broad implications for the use of vitamin D compounds in colitis.

May prevent cancer. D3 Active contains a second superingredient Vitamin K2 in its most bioavailable and potent form MenaQ7 which works in tandem with Vitamin D3. Ad Clinically proven to increase your height naturally.

Vitamin D promotes calcium absorption in the gut and maintains adequate serum calcium and phosphate concentrations to enable normal bone mineralization and to prevent hypocalcemic tetany involuntary contraction of muscles leading to cramps and spasms. Increases Bone Strength Builds Bone Density Stimulates Bone Growth. Oral or intravenous vitamin D3 D3 is given to these patients but severe hypercalcaemia sometimes interrupts this therapy.

Powerful plant-based formula includes a high potency dose of vitamin D3 at 5000IU per serving and vitamin K2 as Menaquinone-7 MK-7 the most bioavailable form of vitamin K2 Research shows that inadequate intakes of vitamin D are surprisingly common and vitamin K2 is widely lacking in the western diet. The Vitamin D Council recommends 5000 IU of vitamin D3 daily which comes to about 120 micrograms mcg. Caltrate 600mg400IU Film-coated Tablets -040321.

How much vitamin D3 do you need. This yields the active secosteroid 1 25OH2D3 calcitriol. GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Healthcare Ireland Ltd.

As it circulates through your bloodstream it aids in the absorption of calcium and phosphorus which helps keep your bones strong. Promotes a healthy immune system. Cholecalciferol may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide.

This study was undertaken to determine whether the effectiveness and safety of D3 also depend on its dosing time during a repeated treatment. It can also be consumed through a variety of animal-sourced foods.

Can Iud Cause Back Pain

Immediate Side Effects After Having a Mirena Inserted. Up to 52 percent of women may experience uterine cramps and vaginal bleeding may occ...